Audacity Support Forum / Audacity and Nyquist / Nyquist Reference Manual / Nyquist Examples and Tutorials
See also the XLisp 2.0 Documents Collection

Nyquist Reference Manual

Copyright 2007 by Roger B. Dannenberg

Carnegie Mellon University
School of Computer Science
Pittsburgh, PA 15213, U.S.A.

Download the Nyquist 2.37 Reference Manual:

See also the XLisp 2.0 Documents Collection - XLisp is the language Nyquist is based on.

The Nyquist homepage is http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~music/music.software.html

Please note: The notation in the current Nyquist Reference Manual from the Nyquist homepage at the Carnegie Mellon Universtiy is incompatible to Nyquist in Audacity. Please use the Nyquist 2.37 Manual from the links above if you're working with Nyquist in Audacity.

• Preface
• Introduction and Overview
  • Installation
    • Unix Installation
    • Win32 Installation
      • What if Nyquist functions are undefined?
      • SystemRoot
    • MacOS 9 Installation
    • MacOS X Installation
  • Helpful Hints
  • Examples
    • Waveforms
    • Wavetables
    • Sequences
    • Envelopes
    • Piece-wise Linear Functions
  • Predefined Constants
  • More Examples
• Behavioral Abstraction
  • The Environment
  • Sequential Behavior
  • Simultaneous Behavior
  • Sounds vs. Behaviors
  • The At Transformation
  • Nested Transformations
  • Defining Behaviors
  • Sample Rates
• Continuous Transformations and Time Warps
  • Simple Transformations
  • Time Warps
  • Abstract Time Warps
  • Nested Transformations
• More Examples
  • Stretching Sampled Sounds
  • Saving Sound Files
  • Memory Space and Normalization
  • Frequency Modulation
  • Building a Wavetable
  • Filter Examples
  • DSP in Lisp
• Nyquist Functions
  • Sounds
    • What is a Sound?
    • Multichannel Sounds
    • Accessing and Creating Sound
    • Miscellaneous Functions
  • Behaviors
    • Using Previously Created Sounds
    • Sound Synthesis
      • Oscillators
      • Piece-wise Approximations
      • Filter Behaviors
      • More Behaviors
  • Transformations
  • Combination and Time Structure
  • Sound File Input and Output
  • Low-level Functions
    • Creating Sounds
    • Signal Operations
    • Filters
    • Table-Lookup Oscillator Functions
    • Physical Model Functions
    • Sequence Support Functions
• Nyquist Globals
• Time/Frequency Transformation
• MIDI, Adagio, and Sequences
  • Specifying Attributes
    • Time
    • Pitch
    • Duration
    • Next Time
    • Rest
    • Articulation
    • Loudness
    • Voice
    • Timbre (MIDI Program)
    • Tempo
    • Rate
  • Default Attributes
  • Examples
  • Advanced Features
    • Time Units and Resolution
    • Multiple Notes Per Line
    • Control Change Commands
    • Multiple Tempi
    • MIDI Synchronization
    • System Exclusive Messages
    • Control Ramps
    • The !End Command
    • Calling C Routines
    • Setting C Variables
• Linear Prediction Analysis and Synthesis
  • LPC Classes and Functions
  • Low-level LPC Functions
• Developing and Debugging in Nyquist
  • Debugging
  • Useful Functions
• Xmusic and Algorithmic Composition
  • Xmusic Basics
  • Pattern Classes
    • cycle
    • line
    • random
    • palindrome
    • heap
    • copier
    • accumulate
    • sum
    • product
    • eval
    • length
    • window
    • markov
  • Random Number Generators
  • Score Generation and Manipulation
    • Keyword Parameters
    • Using score-gen
    • Score Manipulation
    • Xmusic and Standard MIDI Files
    • Workspaces
    • Utility Functions
• Nyquist Libraries
  • Piano Synthesizer
  • Dymanics Compression
  • Clipping Softener
  • Graphical Equalizer
  • Sound Reversal
  • Time Delay Functions
  • Multiple Band Effects
  • Granular Synthesis
  • MIDI Utilities
  • Reverberation
  • DTMF Encoding
  • Dolby Surround(R), Stereo and Spatialization Effects
  • Minimoog-inspired Synthesis
    • Oscillator Parameters
    • Noise Parameters
    • Filter Parameters
    • Amplitude Parameters
    • Other Parameters
    • Input Format
    • Sample Code/Sounds
• Appendix 1: Extending Nyquist
  • Translating Descriptions to C Code
  • Rebuilding Nyquist
  • Accessing the New Function
  • Why Translation?
  • Writing a .alg File
  • Attributes
  • Generated Names
  • Scalar Arguments
• Appendix 2: Open Sound Control and Nyquist
  • Sending Open Sound Control Messages
  • The ser-to-osc Program
• Appendix 3: Intgen
  • Header file format
    • Extending Xlisp
  • Using #define'd macros
  • Lisp Include Files
  • Example
  • More Details
• Appendix 4: XLISP: An Object-oriented Lisp
  • Introduction
  • A Note From The Author
  • XLISP Command Loop
  • Special Characters
  • Break Command Loop
  • Data Types
  • The Evaluator
  • Lexical Conventions
  • Readtables
  • Lambda Lists
  • Objects
  • The "Object" Class
  • The "Class" Class
  • Profiling
  • Symbols
  • Evaluation Functions
  • Symbol Functions
  • Property List Functions
  • Array Functions
  • List Functions
  • Destructive List Functions
  • Predicate Functions
  • Control Constructs
  • Looping Constructs
  • The Program Feature
  • Debugging and Error Handling
  • Arithmetic Functions
  • Bitwise Logical Functions
  • String Functions
  • Character Functions
  • Input/Output Functions
  • The Format Function
  • File I/O Functions
  • String Stream Functions
  • System Functions
  • File I/O Functions
    • Input from a File
    • Output to a File
    • A Slightly More Complicated File Example

• Index